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What is angle steel, the purpose of angle steel, the classification of angle steel
Angle steel is a versatile structural component commonly used in various construction and engineering projects. It can be designed to serve as load-bearing elements or as connectors between different parts of a structure. Its wide range of applications includes beams, bridges, transmission towers, lifting equipment, ships, industrial furnaces, chemical reactors, container racks, cable trench supports, power piping systems, busbar supports, and warehouse shelves.
As a carbon structural steel used in construction, angle steel must exhibit good weldability, ductility, and mechanical strength. The raw material for producing angle steel is typically low-carbon square billets, and the final product is usually delivered in hot-rolled, normalized, or hot-rolled conditions.
There are two main types of angle steel: equal-leg and unequal-leg. Among unequal-leg angle steel, there are further subdivisions into equal-thickness and unequal-thickness types, depending on the thickness of the two sides.
The specifications of angle steel are indicated by the dimensions of the leg lengths and the thickness. In China, common specifications range from 2 to 20 cm, with the side length measured in centimeters. Each size may come in 2 to 7 different thicknesses. Imported angle steel, on the other hand, specifies the exact dimensions and thickness of both sides, along with relevant standards. Typically, angle steel with a leg length of 12.5 cm or more is considered medium-sized, while those between 5 cm and 12.5 cm are small-sized.
When it comes to equilateral angle steel, the import and export orders are based on the required specifications, with the steel grade corresponding to the appropriate carbon steel type. Unlike some other materials, angle steel does not have specific composition or performance series beyond its size and standard.
The delivery length of angle steel is available in fixed lengths or double lengths. Domestic angle steel in China is typically available in fixed lengths ranging from 3–9 meters, 4–12 meters, 4–19 meters, and 6–19 meters, depending on the size. In Japan, the typical length ranges from 6 to 15 meters.
For unequal angle steel, the section height is calculated based on the longer leg's width. This type of angle steel has an angular cross-section with unequal side lengths and is manufactured through hot rolling. Its dimensions typically range from 25 mm × 16 mm up to 200 mm × 125 mm.
Common specifications for unequal angle steel include ∟50×32 to ∟200×125, with thicknesses ranging from 4 mm to 18 mm. Due to its flexibility and strength, unequal angle steel is widely used in metal structures, bridges, machinery, shipbuilding, and various building and civil engineering projects. It plays a crucial role in supporting frameworks, reinforcing structures, and providing stability in complex designs.