Dimethyl ether is used in town gas for competitiveness

Dimethyl ether is used in town gas for competitiveness

At the 2007 China DME Production, Application, and Technology Exchange Conference held in Zhangjiagang City, Jiangsu Province, on December 13-14, experts from across the country discussed the potential of dimethyl ether (DME) as a viable alternative to traditional urban gas. They concluded that DME not only performs well but also offers strong economic advantages, making it highly competitive in the market. Currently, China's urban gas supply relies heavily on liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), coke oven gas, and natural gas. However, the development of coke oven gas has slowed down in recent years, while LPG consumption continues to rise. China is now the world's third-largest consumer of LPG, with imports accounting for about 30% of total consumption—second only to the United States. In the first quarter of 2007 alone, China imported 1.708 million tons of LPG, a 48.7% increase compared to the same period in 2006. With limited domestic natural gas resources, China is expected to face a shortfall of 20 billion cubic meters by 2010. The Mid-Term Plan for Urban Natural Gas Utilization (2006–2010) projected a need for 41.377 billion cubic meters of natural gas by 2010. As global energy resources become more constrained, relying solely on imports is not a sustainable solution. Therefore, developing new urban gas alternatives, such as DME, is seen as a promising and necessary step. With the upcoming implementation of China’s “Dimethyl Ether for Town Gas” standard, DME will gain legal recognition as an alternative fuel, opening up new opportunities for its use in residential and commercial sectors. Chen Weiguo, Secretary-General of the National Alcohol Ether Fuel and Alcohol Ether Clean Automobile Professional Committee, highlighted the advantages of DME over LPG. He noted that DME has a higher calorific value—4,219 kJ/m³ compared to LPG’s 3,909 kJ/m³. Additionally, DME operates at lower storage pressure (1.35 MPa vs. 1.92 MPa for LPG) and has a higher lower explosion limit (3.5% vs. 1.7%), making it safer for storage and transportation. Testing of DME stoves showed a 100% ignition success rate, with a stable flame and rapid lighting time. Economically, DME is also a strong competitor. With LPG prices exceeding 5,000 yuan per ton and even reaching 7,000 yuan in some cases, DME at around 3,300 yuan per ton presents a more cost-effective option for consumers. Huang Zhen, Dean of the Energy Research Institute at Shanghai Jiaotong University, believes that as production techniques improve, the cost and energy consumption of DME production will continue to decrease. He also pointed out that as domestic oil prices align with international standards and fuel taxes are introduced, DME’s economic appeal will grow further. In terms of practical application, one ton of DME can serve five families for five years as cooking fuel. It is also suitable for rural areas without natural gas infrastructure. A 400,000-ton-per-year DME plant could meet the needs of 8 million people annually. If 20% of LPG consumption is replaced by DME by 2010, the demand for DME could reach 6 million tons, indicating a massive and growing market opportunity.

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