The fundamental reason why leather is soft is that when leather is made, oil is introduced into the interior of animal skin to form an oil film that completely covers the surface of the fibers inside the skin, that is, a layer of oil film with appropriate thickness is used to separate the surface of the fibers inside the skin. In this way, the friction between the fibers inside the leather is equivalent to the friction of the oil molecules, so the leather will be very soft. Its principle is similar to that of sponge, but the difference is that the inner surface fibers of dermis are separated by oil film, which makes the inner surface of dermis have sliding pores, but its pores are smaller than that of sponge, and the distribution of the inner surface fibers of dermis is not as regular as that of sponge.
Leather cleaner is used to clean leather clothes, leather sofas, leather bags, leather chairs, leather shoes and other leather products. Leather cleaning generally refers to the cleaning of the surface of leather products, excluding the cleaning inside.
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China's automotive energy recycling device patent application breakthrough
Recently, the patent application for the "Automotive Energy Reuse Device" (AME), developed by Chinese inventors Liu Yanyang and He Junfeng, has seen a significant breakthrough. The prototype of this innovative vehicle has already been tested, showing promising results in energy efficiency and environmental sustainability.
The AME device was granted a national "Utility Model Patent" on July 26, 2006, with the patent number ZL2005 2 0107756.2. This follows an earlier achievement when Liu Yanyang also received a national invention patent on February 22, 2002, for the "Car Brake Energy and Wheel Vibration Energy Utilization Device," under the patent number ZL 02 1 46800.1. The current energy reuse system is built upon the foundation of this earlier invention, further refining and expanding its capabilities.
The core principle of the AME device involves capturing and reusing energy that is typically lost during braking, vehicle vibrations, and engine deceleration. This technology not only enhances fuel efficiency but also contributes to reducing carbon emissions, making it a valuable addition to the automotive industry's efforts toward greener solutions.
According to the inventors, the device consists of seven key components: the power transmission system (drive clutch), the energy conversion unit (hydraulic motor/pump), the energy storage system (accumulator), the jolt energy conversion mechanism (shock absorber), the energy distribution system (valve group), the tank filter, and the electrical control system. Together, these parts work in harmony to optimize energy recovery and usage.
This technology is particularly suitable for large vehicles such as buses, trucks, vans, transport buses, and tour buses—vehicles that frequently brake and experience significant energy loss. By applying this system, fleet operators can significantly reduce fuel consumption and maintenance costs over time.
Hydraulic hybrid technology, which is at the forefront of global automotive innovation, is still relatively new and not widely adopted in many countries. The development and application of Liu Yanyang and He Junfeng’s "Automotive Energy Reuse Device" represent a major step forward, potentially filling a critical gap in the international market. Their work not only highlights China’s growing role in green technology but also offers a sustainable solution for the future of transportation.