It’s painful, and the tailings were originally a treasure.

It’s painful, and the tailings were originally a treasure.

â–² At present, the total number of tailings reservoirs in China has exceeded 20,000, the amount of accumulation has reached 20 billion tons, and it is still increasing at a rate of 400 million tons per year. These tailings ponds have invaded more than 50,000 mu of cultivated land and have an additional 2,000 mu of land each year.

▲Because of the tailings problem, the famous Central A-level enterprise “China Minmetals” and the well-known national news agency “Xinhua News Agency” once played a slobber, and it was once aroused.

â–² China Mining Association tailings comprehensive management office estimates that China's tailings potential value of about 130 billion yuan, its development and utilization will bring huge economic benefits, with great temptation.

In the Year of the Tiger, a news about tailings has once again caused great concern in all aspects of society -
On February 1st, Han Chunxi, one of the responsible persons of the dam-breaking accident in Shanxi’s large tailings mine, opened a trial in the Fangshan District Court in Beijing. Han Chunxi pleaded guilty in court.
At the scene of the trial, the former sergeant of the public security bureau has long been fascinated, and the thin face is filled with endless hardships. After the adjournment, when a reporter asked if he felt sorry for himself and his family, the former police chief who had spent nearly 500 days and nights in the detention center could not help but start to weep and showed deep regret.
On January 24th, a telegraph of Xinhua News Agency reported on the contents of the working meeting of the party committee of the central government directly. At the end, he mentioned in an understatement: "Meng Xuenong, deputy secretary of the Central Committee of the Working Committee, presided over the meeting."
Therefore, it is known that the provincial and ministerial-level senior officials who had twice failed to work in 2003 against the SARS and the dam-killing of the tailings in 2008 were once again returned. The low-key makes people unable to know the exact time of Meng Xuenong's comeback, but his comeback has indeed caused a lot of people's associations, and the tailings dam-break accident directly related to his "lost official" has once again received attention.
Recently, five leading cadres in Shanxi were responsible for the dam-breaking accident. They were expelled from the party and public office. They were the former director of the Yuncheng Municipal Public Security Bureau, Duan Bo, the former deputy mayor of Linyi City, Zhou Jie, and the former Jixian County of Linyi City. county party secretary Zhang Feng, former mayor of Linfen City Assistant Zhang Deying, Linfen City Land resources Bureau researcher Zhang Fucheng.
Many people have so far remembered the accident of the particularly serious tailings dam, and they are heartbroken for the tragic death of those living beings. The accident caused an inundation area of ​​35.9 hectares, 276 deaths, and direct economic losses of RMB 96192,000.
Because of the accident, there were 113 responsible persons who were held accountable, including the leading cadres and accident-responsible personnel at the provincial, city and county levels. Among them, the actual operators of the mine, local administrative officials who have responsibility for accidents, and officials from various departments such as land and resources, safety production supervision and management, and small and medium-sized enterprises bureaus have been investigated for criminal responsibility.
In mid-January, the tailings issue once again became a hot topic for experts, professors, and entrepreneurs in the influential China University of Geosciences (Beijing) 6th China Mining Development Investment Strategy Seminar.

Tailings tailings of pain refers to metal or nonmetal mining the ore, after beneficiation plant residue selected after the valuable ore emissions.
According to statistics from the China Mining Association, there are 126,000 mines in China, 80% of which are co-associated ore, and a large amount of tailings will be produced during mining and beneficiation.
According to the latest statistics, in 2000, the total output of the mine tailings is 5.026 billion tons, of which, the amount of iron ore tailings 26.14 million tons, mainly non-ferrous metals tailings amount of 2.109 billion tons, the amount of gold tailings 272 million tons, the other 31 million tons. The current status of tailings in China is “occupying cultivated land, polluting the environment, wasting resources, and presenting potential safety hazards”. At present, the total amount of tailings in China is more than 8 billion tons.
The large amount of tailings not only occupies land resources and destroys landform vegetation, but also contains heavy metals such as lead , zinc , radioactive elements and chemical agents, which will cause pollution to surface water, groundwater and the atmosphere. Many diseases, dangers, and dangers are also lurking in dangers such as mudslides, landslides, and dams, threatening people's lives and homes. In August and September 2008, two dam-breaking accidents occurred in the two counties of Shanxi Province and the two counties, causing heavy casualties, were two typical tailings safety accidents.
The reporter learned from the discussion of the participants of the 6th Mining Development Investment Strategy Seminar of China University of Geosciences (Beijing) that over the years, a large number of tailings reservoirs left over from mining have invaded cultivated land, destroyed vegetation, polluted water sources, and dam breaks. Safety hazards such as dams are prominent. With the advancement of science and technology, the recycling of tailings as a “secondary resource” has gradually started in some places and enterprises. However, due to security reasons and institutional defects, there is still great resistance to the overall work.
The latest data released by the China Mining Association's Green Mining Office is that the total number of tailings reservoirs in China has exceeded 20,000, and the accumulated amount has reached 20 billion tons, and it is still increasing at a rate of 400 million tons per year. These tailings ponds have invaded more than 50,000 mu of cultivated land and have an additional 2,000 mu of land each year. Qiao Fansheng, chief engineer of the China Mining Association, said: "This statistic has not included tailings from individual small mines without mining licenses."
Zhang Jinqing, director of the tailings technology utilization center of the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, who has been engaged in tailings research for many years, said: "There are some pesticides to be added in the ore dressing process, and there are residues in the tailings. For example, cyanide used in gold selection is a highly toxic agent that will pollute. Water source. Xanthate, black medicine and phenolic compounds commonly used in mineral processing will emit an unpleasant smell in water, which is very harmful to human and animal health. Some fine tailings will be blown to surrounding areas in windy weather. It will also pollute the local soil, causing degradation of soil fertility and vegetation destruction."
With the increase in demand for ore in China and the intensification of mining in recent years, the tailings pools in various places have been increasing, and various problems caused by tailings have also increased. Taking Guizhou's Loufan County as an example, since 2000, the county's concentrating plants have increased rapidly from 10 to more than 140, and the tailings have accumulated to 50 million tons, respectively, and piled up in more than 140 tailings ponds. It does not say that a large amount of cultivated land is occupied. Since most of the ore dressing enterprises have rushed to launch, the design and construction of the tailings pond are unscientific, and problems such as overloading and seepage are serious, and the risk of dam breakage is accumulating. In some of the dam-filled tailings piles, it takes a lot of manpower and material resources to "strictly guard against death" every year. In addition, due to the pollution of surface water and groundwater in the tailings pond, the health of residents in nearby villages is also affected.
Similar situations exist in Hebei, Gansu, Anhui and other places. Zhang Jinqing said: "70% of tailings hidden dangers and accidents occur in small and medium-sized mines. Some small and medium-sized mines often cut corners and reduce capital investment in the design, construction, maintenance and operation of tailings ponds. Some even illegally evade the construction tail. In the mine, the tailings are randomly discharged into the ravines, rivers and grasslands, causing environmental pollution, river siltation, and hidden dangers."
In fact, a series of problems caused by tailings have been frequently reported in newspapers.
Last year, because of the tailings problem in Wu'an, Hebei, the famous Central A-level enterprise “China Minmetals” and the well-known national news agency “Xinhua News Agency” had a slobber, and it was once aroused.
The cause was that the "Economic Information Daily" under the Xinhua News Agency published in October 2009, "The illegal distribution of the two iron ore mines under China Minmetals has no fear", and "China Minmetals and the Xing Bureau two iron ore mines illegally tailed out the enterprise" Two reports. According to the report, a villager named Wang, who is located in the tailings pond, told reporters that the enterprises affiliated to Minmetals “have illegally tailed out to the river, on the one hand, occupying the farmland on the river bank; on the other hand, seriously polluting the environment, when the wind is blowing, the tail The harmful substances in the ore sand fluttered with the wind, causing many people in the village to get skin diseases; more seriously, the tailings piled up in the mountains also caused huge safety hazards to the flooding of the river.” Director of the village committee of Xiushuitou Village, Mine Town, Wu'an City Han Kuisheng said that their village is located in the northwest downstream of the tailings pond, only a thousand meters away from the tailings dam. Think about the leakage of the north tail mine in Jianshan, and then think about the event of the collapse of the Shanwei mine in Shanxi. Without knowing it, I began to worry about the safety of life and property of more than 800 people in the village.
On the day after the article was published, China Minmetals Corporation held a media briefing. The company spokesperson said that the report of the Economic Information Daily was not true. A spokesperson of the company said: Minmetals attached great importance to the report on "tailing" and immediately contacted the Xingxing Bureau to verify the actual situation. After investigation, it was found that the report was not verified with the company. And did not verify with the local government. He said: "This report is seriously inconsistent with the facts and caused serious damage to the reputation of China Minmetals Corporation." Minmetals also sent a letter to the Xinhua News Agency "Economic Information Daily", proposing: "Immediately stop all possible problems for our group company. Further infringement, prompt clarification of false reports, and take necessary measures to eliminate adverse effects."
The public statement of Minmetals has also attracted the attention of Xinhua News Agency. The Xinhua News Agency has organized a joint investigation team of reporters from the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Ministry of Information and the Economic Information Daily, and then went to Handan City and Wu’an City in Hebei Province. Han Xing Bureau Beiminghe iron ore and iron ore depression Pai Mei jade issues in-depth investigation. Xinhua News Agency's own joint press group inspected the tailings discharge sites of the two iron mines, visited local villagers and village cadres, interviewed local government departments, and worked with Minmetals Group, Yuxing Bureau, and two iron ore mines. The person in charge had a discussion, and then, according to the first-hand materials, he once again wrote a report--《China Minmetals said that the illegal tail-end report was not true, Xinhua News Agency responded that the ironclad was like a mountain" and was on November 5, 2009. The "Economic Information Daily" was published publicly, and the two "big brothers" can be described as tit-for-tat and do not buy each other. The report also promptly reprinted many websites. For a time, the social response was strong and there was a lot of public discussion.
But what is puzzling is that one thing that caused such a big social impact, in the end, seems to have no following. For example, how did China Minmetals finally solve the problem of handling tailings ponds? Are these reports true?
This is no longer the case, but some environmental and social problems caused by tailings are still being staged.
According to reports, in Baotou City, Inner Mongolia, the hazardous materials in the Baotou Steel Mine Dam have brought serious ecological hazards to the surrounding areas. The water quality has dropped, the crops have not grown out of the crops, and the sheep have grown out of "fangs", and some villages have become "cancer villages."
According to the report, the Baotou Steel Mine Dam is known as the world's largest “rare lake” and 135 million tons of tailings are piled up. The pulp is rich in radioactive metal strontium , which has a serious impact on the surrounding ecological environment as the tailings dam leaks.
The village of Tarahai, located on the south side of Baotou tailings dam, is a famous “cancer village”. In recent years, the number of patients with osteoporosis and hemiplegia has increased in this area. The hospital has confirmed the cancer mortality rate of 70.9%. Strange dental disease also occurs in people. The people in the village are loose in their 30s, and their teeth grow unevenly. They even fall off with a glance.
Also affected are livestock. Since 1998, many sheep in the village have suffered from a strange disease: they are called "fangs" shortly after birth. After sexual maturity, the teeth are still growing wildly. After growing into a long "fang", the sheep cannot. Chewing food can only slowly starve to death.
The “Contamination Disputes Investigation and Monitoring Report” issued by Baotou City Environmental Monitoring Station after a pollution test on a village located 2,000 meters west of Baotou tailings dam shows: groundwater dissolved solids, sulfate and total hardness in the surrounding area of ​​the village. Chloride is far exceeding the "Sanitary Standard for Drinking Water", which in turn exceeds the standard by 3.8 times, 9.9 times, 4.9 times, and 0.8 times, and belongs to the inferior five types of water. According to China's "Surface Water Environmental Quality Standards", the inferior five types of water have no use value, and can not be used in industry, nor in agriculture, nor as a public water source. Based on this report, it is concluded that the shallow groundwater in the vicinity of the tailings dam in the Tahai village has been seriously polluted. The main over-standard pollutants in the groundwater in this area are consistent with the characteristic pollutants of the Baotou Steel tailings dam. Groundwater pollution in this area is due to leakage from Baotou Steel's tailings dam.

Amazing potential value

Although tailings have great potential hazards, they also have great potential economic value.
Lu Zhi, a student of the China Mining University's 6th China Mining Development and Investment Strategy Seminar and director of the Guilin Institute of Mineral Geology, said: "The tailings also have residual pulp from useful components in the ground ore. A large amount of mud and slag. Because it contains some useful elements, it is an important tool to assist economical and rational beneficiation. Recycling of low-grade precious metals in tailings can realize resource reuse. That is to say, if component testing is carried out, these are It is considered to be garbage and discarded tailings, regardless of the use of the tailings."
Most of the tailings discharged in China's history have a large number of valuable components, and subject to technical conditions and economic environment, there are many valuable components remaining in the tailings and the grade is high. Taking iron ore as an example, in recent years, China's iron ore tailings emissions are growing at an average annual rate of 20%. In 2007, the emission of iron ore tailings in China was about 440 million tons, while the iron grade of iron ore tailings averaged 12%, and some even reached 27%. Based on the current total stockpiles of iron ore tailings, 3 billion tons, China There are still more than 360 million tons of iron in iron ore tailings.
Guo Guiqi, dean of Beijing Chengfu Industrial New Technology Research Institute, said: "From the application value of tailings, tailings is a misplaced resource, and the prospect of development and utilization is very impressive. Due to the backward selection of technology and equipment, early China The mine tailings developed are currently of great value!"
Especially for non-ferrous metal mines, most of their tailings contain a variety of valuable metals and non-metallic minerals. For example, the gold content of gold mine tailings in a certain area of ​​Henan is 7 g / ton, and according to the relevant technical standards of the country, the ore gold content of 1 g / ton will have mining value. In the molybdenum mine in Luanchuan, Henan, 4.8 million tons of tungsten is contained in every 1 million tons of molybdenum reserves. At present, the total recovery rate of mineral resources in China is only 30%, the comprehensive utilization rate of associated mineral resources is less than 20%, and the state-owned mines that are comprehensively utilized in the country are less than 10%. A large number of useful resources exist in tailings, and there is a large space for recycling.
Tailings are treasures to be tapped. The Guilin Institute of Mineral Geology has solved the problem of comprehensive utilization of associated elements and rare dispersing elements for many large domestic mines and accumulated rich experience. At the same time, research and development of sewage treatment technology and equipment, development of environmentally friendly mineral materials, research on geological disasters, ecological reconstruction in Shishan area, mining solid waste, and comprehensive utilization of “poor, fine and miscellaneous” mines have been carried out, and good results have been achieved. The director of the hospital, Lu Zhi, believes that the main task of China's mining circular economy is to develop and utilize a large number of tailings that have been put on hold for a long time.
For example, the tin polymetallic deposit in Guangxi Nandan has 61 tailings ponds. In the total tailings of 25.22 million tons, it contains a large amount of non-ferrous metals such as tin, antimony , lead, zinc, silver , gold, indium , cadmium and non-metal. The mineral arsenic , sulfur, etc., grades are above the national industrial grade indicators, some have reached large or extra large, the initial estimate of the scale of 3 billion yuan of resources. If we rely on the new development of mineral processing technology , the recovery of these metals is no less than the establishment of a new mine.
The tailings of the Panzhihua Iron Mine in Sichuan contain more than ten beneficial components such as copper , nickel , titanium and vanadium , which is equivalent to a large non-ferrous metal mine. The non-metallic minerals such as coal gangue and other surrounding rock mines, etc. are also useful material, but it has been mined to the ground, to gather together the wealth.
In Shandong Province, a large coal-producing province, in 1998, the province used more than 7 million tons of coal gangue, and the province's coal gangue comprehensive utilization enterprise realized an output value of 700 million yuan, producing products including power, building materials, chemicals, metallurgy, non-metal and other industries. More than 20 kinds. Obviously, tailings utilization has broad prospects in many parts of China.
The China Mining Association's tailings comprehensive management office estimates that the potential value of China's tailings is about 130 billion yuan, and its development and utilization will bring huge economic benefits and great temptation.
Liu Junshan, secretary of the party committee of China Gold Group Tibet Huatailong Mining Development Co., Ltd., said in an interview that the gold tailings are the main solid waste of the gold mine. Almost 100% of the ore in the cyanide plant has become abandoned tailings. Most of the emissions from the selective ore beneficiation process are also tailings. Many large and medium-sized gold mines in China have a long history of production, ranging from decades to hundreds of years, and tailings resources are very rich. Before the 1970s, due to industrial policy, technical equipment, metallurgical process and capital constraints, China's gold production was low, the comprehensive utilization rate was generally low, and the waste of resources was very serious, leading to some metal content in tailings. Higher, non-metallic mineral resources are not enough for development and application research, and are not widely used, but are mostly used as tailings discharge. Therefore, in general, old tailings have a relatively high comprehensive utilization value.
Wang Haitao, deputy general of Gansu Wenhui Mining Co., Ltd., told the reporter: "The comprehensive utilization of tailings resources has the following characteristics: short construction period, low investment, quick effect; large-scale production, low cost; comprehensive recovery Valuable elements and non-metallic elements, alleviate the contradiction of mine resources, extend the service life of enterprises, etc. If this part of tailings resources are comprehensively developed and utilized, economic, social and environmental benefits can be achieved. Mines that have entered the 'old age' have experienced a resource crisis to a considerable extent. If the comprehensive development of the old tailings with valuable value can be comprehensively developed, it will be crucial to alleviate the shortage of mine resources and extend the life of the mine. The role."

There have been successful examples in China, and many cities that rely on mineral resources have begun to pay attention to tailings.
Yantai City, Shandong Province is the main producing area of ​​gold in China. The annual tailings discharge is relatively large, but due to historical and technical reasons, the gold tailings have not been well utilized, which has greatly affected the ecological environment of Yantai City. At the same time, it also occupies a lot of cultivated land. In the tailings treatment and comprehensive utilization, some enterprises in Yantai City have made useful explorations and realized the comprehensive utilization rate of tailings of nearly 85%. Fenghuangling Park used to be a tailings pond. In 2003, it was transformed by the Yantai Municipal Government. Now it has become a park with green grass and birds and flowers, making it a good place for locals to entertain.
The amount of gold tailings in the Yantai City area was as high as 8.58 million tons. After comprehensive management, the utilization amount is 7.23 million tons, and the comprehensive utilization rate has reached 84.15%. However, the governance method still remains in simple deep processing and backfilling, such as covering soil, planting trees, planting roads, backfilling mines, and making bricks.
Zhaoyuan City, Shandong Province, which is famous for its rich gold, used to be dusty when the wind was raging and the rain was washed. In the tailings treatment process, the city is mainly based on the restoration of resources, and put forward the development idea of ​​“not only Jinshan Yinshan, but also green water and green hills”, and reclamation of tailings. Up to now, the city has filled more than 100,000 cubic meters of gold tailings, covering more than 2,000 acres of land, and has successively transformed six large tailings dams into recreational parks, and the ecological environment has been effectively improved.
Some companies are beginning to explore how to recycle tailings while repairing resources. Shandong Jinchuang Gold Group Company has successfully used the gold mine tailings to produce new environmentally-friendly and energy-saving building materials through extensive market research and many tests by technicians.
Liang Hongwei, executive deputy director of Penglai Jinzheng Building Materials Co., Ltd. said: "The economic benefits of tailings utilization are very considerable. The current project profit is about 1 million yuan. After the second phase project goes up, it is about 3 million to 4 million. yuan."
At the Jiaojia Gold Mine in Laizhou City, although the tailings were completely treated by backfilling and processing, aerating, and concrete bricklaying, it was found through experiments that these tailings particles contained more value.
At present, Jiaojia Gold Mine has signed cooperation agreements with some domestic universities to separate and purify silica, alumina , and potassium oxide from tailings. The experiment has been successful, and the mine is now industrializing and scaleing the project. The demonstration and experimentation will be carried out, and it is expected that after the production is put into operation, the annual output value will be 150 million yuan.
Zhejiang Wuyi County Shenlong Flotation Co., Ltd. is a Taobao in the tailings, which gives the waste a "golden doll". “We intend to put a tailings flotation production line and “eaten” the tailings in several neighboring counties and cities; we are also preparing a brick production line to re-form the waste from the tailings flotation into bricks. Zhu Xianlin, deputy general manager of the company, said that from polluting enterprises to large decontamination households, Shenlong Company tasted the sweetness of tailings and opened the door to the development of circular economy.
Shenlong Company is located at the bank of Bailu River in Hushan Street, Wuyi County. The annual selection of fluorite ore is 50,000 tons. The 10,000 tons of fluorite tailings produced by enterprises each year has not only become a major source of local environmental pollution, but also caused the enterprise itself. Great burden. In July 2002, a flood completely exposed Shenlong’s tailings pollution problem. The company's tailings pond is located by the river. The small river rises and rushes into the tailings pond, and thousands of tons of tailings are involved in the stream. "Because the original factory site was unreasonably selected and the water source was polluted, Shenlong Company faced the fate of relocation." This is the link between the company's life and death. Zhu Xianlin said.
The local fluorite resources are very scarce, and the fluorine chemical industry is developing very fast. The demand for fluorite resources is very high. Shenlong Company began to find a way out for enterprises and solve the problem of tailings pollution control.
They have visited a number of flotation companies inside and outside the province. In June 2004, they finally succeeded in developing a flotation tailings flotation production line. The swallowed tailings were swallowed, but the fluorite powder was produced. Shenlong Company decisively invested more than 7 million yuan to manufacture new flotation equipment and flotation fluorite tailings. Each ton of discarded fluorite tailings can select 0.15 tons of high-purity fluorite fine powder, which can sell 700 yuan per ton of fine powder. Shenlong Company has stepped out of the first step of circular economy.
More importantly, after the new flotation line, the main pollutant in the fluorite tailings, calcium fluoride, can be reduced from 20% to 5%. It is said that the waste after flotation can also be used as construction sand.
As early as 2005, Shenlong Company has realized 130,000 tons of fluorite tailings and produced 20,000 tons of fluorite products, achieving profits and taxes of over one million yuan.
At present, the company's goal is no longer simply to deal with its own company's tailings. It is reported that there are currently 20 fluorite production enterprises in Jinhua District of Zhejiang Province, and the fluorite tailings reach several million tons. Zhu Xianlin’s idea is to gradually “eat” the tailings of nearby counties and cities. In addition, it is ready to invest in a brick production line, and make waste bricks with some pollutants into bricks, completely get rid of pollution and enlarge the circular economy.
Relevant personnel of the Mineral Development Management Office of the Ministry of Land and Resources of Zhejiang Province pointed out that under the background of increasingly scarce resources and increasing environmental pressure, the development of mineral resources to achieve maximum utilization and minimum pollution is an inevitable trend. â–¡


SWRO& Water Treatment

SWRO& Water Treatment

SWRO& Water Treatment

ZHEJIANG BOTUOLINI MECHANICAL CO.,LTD , http://www.botuopump.com